上海研盟生物科技有限公司Anti-TIMP-4抗體*，主要應(yīng)用于WB、IHC、IF、ELISA、流式細(xì)胞術(shù)等實驗中。說明書隨貨發(fā)送，您也可以直接我司在線客服索取。客服

英文名稱：Anti-TIMP-4 antibody

中文名稱：金屬蛋白酶組織抑制因子-4抗體

金屬蛋白酶組織抑制因子-4抗體保存條件：Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. The lyophilized antibody is stable at room temperature for at least one month and for greater than a year when kept at -20°C. When reconstituted in sterile pH 7.4 0.01M PBS or diluent of antibody the antibody is stable for at least two weeks at 2-4 °C.

金屬蛋白酶組織抑制因子-4抗體,Anti-TIMP-4抗體抗原的分類：

一. 免疫學(xué)分類：

（1）*抗原、半抗原；

（2）胸腺依賴抗原與非依賴抗原。

二. 臨床分類：

（1）外源性抗原：微生物、花粉等；

（2）內(nèi)源性抗原：隱蔽的自身抗原、腫瘤相關(guān)抗原等；

（3）同種異型抗原：人類白細(xì)胞抗原、血型抗原；

（4）異嗜性抗原：人與其他動物、植物等之間存在的共同抗原。

★研盟生物★金屬蛋白酶組織抑制因子-4抗體,Anti-TIMP-4抗體

免疫組化結(jié)果的判斷：
對免疫組化結(jié)果的判斷應(yīng)持科學(xué)的慎重態(tài)度，要準(zhǔn)確判斷陽性和陰性，排除假陽性和假陰性結(jié)果，必須嚴(yán)格對照實驗，對新發(fā)現(xiàn)的陽性結(jié)果，除有對照實驗結(jié)果之外，應(yīng)進(jìn)行多次重復(fù)實驗，可用幾種方法進(jìn)行驗證。必須學(xué)會判斷特異性染色和非特異性染色，對初學(xué)者更為重要，否則會得出不科學(xué)的結(jié)論。特異性染色和非特異性染色的鑒別點主要在于特異性反應(yīng)產(chǎn)物常分布于特定的部位。如胞漿內(nèi)，也有分布在細(xì)胞核和細(xì)胞表面的，即具有結(jié)構(gòu)性。特異性染色表現(xiàn)為在同一切片上呈現(xiàn)不同程度的陽性染色結(jié)果。非特異性染色表現(xiàn)為無一定的分布規(guī)律，常呈某一部位成片的均勻著色，細(xì)胞和周圍的結(jié)締組織均無區(qū)別的著色，或結(jié)締組織呈現(xiàn)很強的染色。非特異性染色常出現(xiàn)在干燥切片的邊緣，有刀痕或者折疊的部位。在過大的組織塊，中心固定不良也會導(dǎo)致非特異性染色。有時可見非特異性染色和特異性染色同時存在，由于過強的非特異性染色背景不但影響對特異性染色結(jié)果的觀察和記錄，而且令人對其特異性結(jié)果產(chǎn)生懷疑。
免疫組化的呈色深淺可反映抗原存在的數(shù)量，可作為定性、定位和定量的依據(jù)。
1.陽性細(xì)胞染色分布有三種類型：細(xì)胞漿、細(xì)胞核、細(xì)胞膜表面。大部分抗原見于細(xì)胞漿，可見于整個胞漿或部分胞漿
2.陽性細(xì)胞分布可分為灶型和彌漫性
3.由于細(xì)胞內(nèi)含抗原量不同，所以染色強度不一。如果細(xì)胞之間染色強度相同，常提示其反應(yīng)為非特異性
4.陽性細(xì)胞染色定位于單個細(xì)胞，且與陰性細(xì)胞相互交雜分布；而非特異性染色常不限于單個細(xì)胞，而是累及一片細(xì)胞。
5.切片邊緣、刀痕或褶皺區(qū)域，壞死或擠壓的細(xì)胞區(qū)，膠原結(jié)締組織等，常表現(xiàn)為相同的陽性染色強度，不能用于判斷陽性。

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簡單介紹：

產(chǎn)品別名：Metalloproteinase inhibitor 4; TIMP 4; TIMP4; TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 4; TIMP-4; Timp4; TIMP4_HUMAN; Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 4.  

抗體來源：Rabbit or Mouse

保質(zhì)期:1年

克隆類型：Polyclonal or monoclonal

性    狀：Lyophilized or Liquid

濃    度：1mg/1ml

背景介紹：The tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are naturally occurring proteins that specifically inhibit matrix metalloproteinases and regulate extracellular matrix turnover and tissue remodeling by forming tightbinding inhibitory complexes with the MMPs. Thus, TIMPs maintain the balance between matrix destruction and formation. An imbalance between MMPs and the associated TIMPs may play a significant role in the invasive phenotype of malignant tumors. The TIMP proteins share several structural features including six loops held in place by six disulfide bonds arranged in three knot-like structures. These proteins also contain twelve cysteine residues in conserved regions of the molecule that form six disulfide bonds, essential for the formation of native conformations, and the N terminal region that is necessary for inhibitory activities. The N terminus of each TIMP contains a consensus sequence (VIRAK) and each TIMP is translated with a 29 amino acid leader sequence that is cleaved off to produce the mature protein. The C terminal regions are divergent, which enhances the selectivity of inhibition and binding efficiency. Although the TIMP proteins share high homology, they may either be secreted extracellularly in soluble form (TIMP1, TIMP2 and TIMP4) or bind to extracellular matrix components (TIMP3). 
The MMPs and TIMPs can be divided into two groups with respect to gene expression: the majority exhibit inducible expression and a small number are produced constitutively or are expressed at very low levels and are not inducible. Among agents that induce MMP and TIMP production are the inflammatory cytokines TNF alpha and IL1 beta. A marked cell type specificity is a hallmark of both MMP and TIMP gene expression (i.e. a limited number of cell types can be induced to make these proteins). Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases 4 (TIMP4) was identified by molecular cloning. TIMP4 shows 37 % amino acid identity with TIMP1 and 51 % homology with TIMP2 and TIMP3. TIMP4 is secreted extracellularly, predominantly in heart and brain tissue. It may function in a tissue specific fashion in extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis. TIMP4 has a strong inhibitory effect on the invasion of human breast cancer cells across reconstituted basement membranes suggesting that TIMP4 may have an important role in inhibiting primary tumor growth and progression. The human TIMP4 gene has the chromosomal location of 3p25. 

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